How are embedded processors classified?

How are embedded processors classified?

There are more than 1000 kinds of embedded processors in the world, and there are more than 30 series of popular architectures. Almost every semiconductor manufacturer now produces embedded processors.

The architecture of embedded microprocessor has experienced the transformation from CISC to RISC and compact RISC; The number of bits is from 4 bits, 8 bits, 16 bits, 32 bits to 64 bits; The addressing space is generally 64KB ~ 16MB, and the processing speed is 0.1mips ~ 2000mips; The commonly used package is 8 ~ 144 pins.

The design of embedded microprocessor is similar to that of ordinary desktop computer in basic principle microprocessor, but it has higher working stability, less power consumption, strong adaptability to the environment (such as temperature, humidity, electromagnetic field, vibration, etc.), smaller volume, and more integrated functions.

In terms of classification, embedded processors generally include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and systems on chip.

Micro processor unit (MPU) evolved from CPU in general-purpose computer. Its characteristic is that it has more than 32-bit processors, with high performance, of course, its price is also relatively high.

The typical representative of embedded microcontroller unit (MCU) is single chip microcomputer. Although it has been more than 20 years since the emergence of single chip microcomputer in the late 1970s, this 8-bit electronic device is still widely used in embedded devices.

Embedded digital signal processor (EDSP) is a processor specially used in signal processing. It has a special design in system structure and instruction algorithm, and has high compilation efficiency and instruction execution speed. DSP has been widely used in digital filtering, FFT, spectral analysis and other instruments.

Embedded system on chip: SOC pursues the integrated device with the largest tolerance of product system, which is one of the hot topics in the field of embedded applications. The biggest feature of SOC is the successful integration of software and hardware, which directly embeds the code module of the operating system in the processor chip.